martes, 2 de marzo de 2010

Volcanoes

A volcano is an opening, or rupture, in a planet's surface or crust, which allows hot, molten rock, ash, and gases to escape from below the surface. Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form mountains or features like mountains over a period of time.


On May 18th, 1980 the eruption of Mount St. Helens in southwest Washington state disrupted the lives of thousands and changed more than 200 square miles of rich forest into a grey, lifeless landscape. Now, more than twenty-six years later, the land around the mountain is slowly healing. Nature may be covering the scars of the 1980 eruption, but many people will never forget what happened that spring day.






The different parts of a Volcano

The image below shows the different parts of a volcano.
Magma - Molten rock beneath Earth's surface.

Parasitic Cone - A small cone-shaped volcano formed by an accumulation of volcanic debris.

Sill - A flat piece of rock formed when magma hardens in a crack in a volcano.

Vent - An opening in Earth's surface through which volcanic materials escape.

Flank - The side of a volcano.

Lava - Molten rock that erupts from a volcano that solidifies as it cools.

Crater - Mouth of a volcano - surrounds a volcanic vent.

Conduit - An underground passage magma travels through.

Summit - Highest point; apex

Throat - Entrance of a volcano. The part of the conduit that ejects lava and volcanic ash.

Ash - Fragments of lava or rock smaller than 2 mm in size that are blasted into the air by volcanic explosions.

Ash Cloud - A cloud of ash formed by volcanic explosions.

Types of Volcanoes

There are 3 different types of volcanoes:


1. Active - eruptions can be anytime and often.

2. Dormant - has been a while since it has erupted, but could at anytime.

3. Extinct, meaning it hasn't erupted in a very long, long time so it probably won't ever again.


Shapes of Volcanoes

How many different shapes of volcano are there?


The type of magma in the earth creates four different types volcanoes:

Shield Volcano - flat

If the magma is runny, the gas can escape easily and there will not be an explosion. The magma just comes out of the mountain and flows down the sides.

Shield volcanoes are shaped like a bowl or shield in the middle with long gentle slopes made by the lava flows.

Examples include the volcanoes in Hawaii and Mount Etna.








Composite Volcano - tall and thin

If the magma is thick and sticky (like honey), the gas cannot escape, so it builds up and up until it explodes sending out huge clouds of burning rock and gas.

Composite volcanoes are steep-sided volcanoes composed of many layers of volcanic rocks, usually made from thick sticky lava, ash and rock debris (broken pieces).

Composite volcanoes are also known as strato-volcanoes.

Examples include Mount Fuji in Japan, Mount St. Helens and Mt. Etna in Italy.


Cinder cones

Cinder cones are circular or oval cones built from erupting lava that breaks into small pieces as it shoots into the air. As small pieces fall back to the ground, they cool and form cinders around the vent.










Lava domes

Lava domes are formed when erupting lava is too thick to flow and makes a steep-sided mound as the lava piles up near the volcanic vent.







SUBMARINE ERUPTIONS

A submarine eruption is a type of volcanic eruption where lava erupts under an ocean. Most of the Earth's volcanic eruptions are submarine eruptions, but few have been documented because of the difficulty in monitoring submarine volcanoes. Most submarine eruptions occur at mid-ocean ridges and near hotspots.
1. Water vaper cloud
2. Water
3. Stratum
4. Lava flow
5. Magma condiut
6. Magma chamber
7. Dike
8. Pillow lava
ACTIVITIES ABOUT VOLCANOES
Crossword (easy) -----> with keys
Crossword (medium) -----> without keys: Send me your answers!!
Wordsearch -----> with keys
Unscramble words -----> with keys
Quiz -----> without keys: Send me your answers!!

Click here to read a transcription.

Try to guess the missing words (15) and send me your answers!
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25 comentarios:

  1. José Antonio Vázquez3 de marzo de 2010, 20:58

    Este comentario ha sido eliminado por un administrador del blog.

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  2. 1. Iceland
    2.
    3. Plates
    4. Continent
    5.
    6.
    7. Mantle
    8. Crust
    9. Convention
    10.Volcano
    11. Destroy
    12.
    13. Hot
    14. Spot
    15.

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  3. 1.iceland
    2.fall
    3.plates
    4.continents
    5.earthquakes
    6.ash
    7.mantle
    8.cross
    9.contraction
    10.volcanoe
    11.destroyed
    12.friction
    13.hot
    14.spots
    15.bigest

    by:andres class:2ºA

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  4. 1.Iceland
    2.
    3.Plates
    4.Continent
    5.
    6.active
    7.Mantle
    8.Crust
    9.constructive
    10.,volcano
    11.destoied
    12.
    13.hot
    14.rocks
    15.biggest

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  5. eva zambrano guisado13 de abril de 2010, 10:11

    1.iceland
    2.?
    3.plates
    4.continental
    5.earthquakes
    6.inside
    7.mantle
    8.crost
    9.?
    10.volcanoes
    11.destructive
    12.?
    13.hot
    14.rocks
    15.plate

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  6. Pablo Ponce Chaguaceda 2ºB13 de abril de 2010, 10:11

    Pablo Ponce Chaguaceda 2º B
    1. Iceland
    2. Fault
    3. Plates
    4. Continents
    5. Earthquakes
    6. Iron
    7. Mantle
    8. Crust
    9. Contraction
    10. Volcano
    11. destroyed
    12. friction
    13. hot
    14. spots
    15. biggest

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  7. Hi!We are Soraya Ceada and MªCarmen Medina;
    Here your'e the answers of the volcanoes' sheet:
    1_Iceland
    2_¿?
    3_plates
    4_continentals/continents
    5_earthquakes
    6_¿?
    7_mantle
    8_crust
    9_condition/contraction
    10_volcano
    11_destroyed
    12_friction
    13_hot
    14_spot
    15_biggest

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  8. Elisabeth Cárdenas González and Amanda Cruz Valle13 de abril de 2010, 10:11

    1.Iceland
    2.fall
    3.plates / places
    4.continents
    5.earthquakes
    6.iron
    7.mantle
    8.crust
    9.convection
    10.volcano
    11.destroyed
    12.friction
    13.hot
    14.spot
    15.biggest

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  9. 1.iceland
    2.fall
    3.plates
    4.continents
    5.earthquakes
    6.ash
    7.mantle
    8.cross
    9.contraction
    10.volcano
    11.destroyed
    12.friction
    13.hot
    14.spots
    15.bigest

    by: carmelo 2ºB

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  10. cristina molina belmonte13 de abril de 2010, 10:14

    1.?
    2.?
    3.Plates
    4.?
    5.?
    6.?
    7.mantle
    8.?
    9.?
    10.volcanoes
    11.?
    12.?
    13.?
    14.?
    15.?

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  11. Mª Carmen Quintero Vieira/ Claudia Zunino Castillo13 de abril de 2010, 10:14

    Hi!
    We comment you whit the soluction of the activity:

    1.Island/ Island
    2.
    3.plates/plates
    4.continents/continent
    5.outsquare/outsquare
    6.
    7.mantle/mantle
    8.crust/crust
    9.convotion/convotion
    10.volcano/volcano
    11.destroy/ steight
    12.
    13.hot/hot
    14.rocks/rocks
    15.biggest/biggest

    Bye, Mª Carmen and Claudia.

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  12. Luz María Cárdenas and Laura Martin 2ºAB13 de abril de 2010, 10:16

    1 Iceland/islan
    2 force
    3 plates
    4 continents
    5 earth way
    6 layers
    7 mantle
    8 cross
    9 convection
    10 volcano
    11 destroy
    12 friction
    13 hot
    14 spots
    15 bigest

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  13. Gema Redondo and Esperanza Beltrán 2A-B bilingue13 de abril de 2010, 10:17

    1. Iceland
    2.
    3.Places
    4.Continents
    5.Square
    6.Island
    7.Mantle
    8.Convection
    9.Contraction
    10.volcanoes
    11.Destroy
    12.
    13.Hot
    14.Spot
    15.Bequisland/

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  14. María Guerrero Muñoz y Conso Guerrero Fernández 2ºESO AB13 de abril de 2010, 10:17

    1-ICELAND/ISLAND
    2-FORCE
    3-PLACES
    4-CONTINENTS
    5-EARTH WAYS
    6-ISLAND
    7-MANTLE
    8-CRUST
    9-CONTRACTION
    10-VOLCANOES
    11-DESTRUCTIVE
    12-FRACTION
    13-HOT
    14-ROCK
    15-BIGEST

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  15. Francisco José Navea Y Rosana Redondo13 de abril de 2010, 10:18

    2ESO AB bilingüe Francisco José Navea y Rosana Redondo
    1.ICELAND
    2.ISLAND
    3.PLACES
    4.CONTINENT
    5.EARTHCAKE
    6.
    7.MANTLE
    8.CRUST
    9.CONVECTION
    10.VOLCANO
    11.DESTROY
    12.FRICTION
    13.HOT
    14.ROCKS
    15.BIGGEST

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  16. 1-iceland
    2.forcening
    3-plates
    4-continent
    5-oxwey
    6-hain
    7-manto
    8-crust
    9-convection
    10-volcano
    11-destruid
    12-friction
    13-hot
    14-rocks
    15-biggest

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  17. angela villegas / samuel maestre13 de abril de 2010, 10:22

    1-Iceland
    2-fall
    3-plates
    4-continents
    5-earthquakes
    6-ash
    7-mantle
    8-crust
    9-convection
    10-volcano
    11-destroy/destruyed
    12-fraction
    13-hot
    14-spot
    15-bigest

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  18. javier rodriguez / stella diaz13 de abril de 2010, 10:24

    1.ICELAND
    2.¿?
    3.PLATE
    4.CONTINENTS
    5.EARTHQUAKES
    6.¿?
    7.MANTLE
    8.CRUST
    9.CONVENTION
    10.VOLCANOES
    11.DESTROY
    12.FRICTION
    13.HOT
    14.SPOT
    15.BIGEST

    ResponderEliminar
  19. 1.iceland
    2.faull
    3.plates
    4.continents
    5.earthquaques
    6.island
    7.mantle
    8.crust
    9.convention
    10.volcano
    11.destroy
    12.hot
    13.rocks
    14.biggest

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  20. 2º ESO C-andy jan14 de abril de 2010, 11:24

    1-iceland
    2-fault
    3-plates
    4-continents
    5-earthquakes
    6-iron
    7-mantle
    8-crust
    9-convection
    10-?¿?¿?¿?¿?....XD (volcano)
    11-destroyed
    12-friction
    13-hot
    14-spots
    15-biggest

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  21. Thanks for your comments!!

    Now try the crossword (medium) and the quiz!!

    C U soon

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  22. ACROSS-

    2-shield
    5-dormant
    7-seismograph
    10-ash
    11-eruption
    12-continental drift
    15-obsidian
    16-crater
    17-cinder cone
    19-pumice
    22-viscous
    23-active
    24-mantle

    DOWN
    1-crust
    3-lahar
    4-basalt
    6-conduit
    8-igneous
    9-fluid
    11-evacuate
    13-extinct
    14-fault
    16-composite
    17-caldera
    18-dike
    20-magma
    21-lava
    22-vent

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  23. 1 Icelan
    2 Fault
    3 Plates
    4 Continents
    5 Earthquakes
    6 Iron
    7 Mantle
    8 Crust
    9 Convection
    10 Volcano
    11 Destroyed
    12 Friction
    13 Hot
    14 Spot
    15 Biggest

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  24. alejandro dominguez 2 a19 de abril de 2010, 19:46

    Alejandro dominguez
    1-iceland
    2-?¿
    3-plates
    4-continents
    5-?¿
    6-iron
    7-mantle
    8-?¿
    9-convenccion
    10-volcano
    11-?¿
    12-friccion
    13-hot
    14-?¿
    15-biggest

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  25. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EHvUQhO_YiU

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